Lesson Plan for Senior Secondary 2 - Chemistry - Acid Base Reaction 2

# Lesson Plan: Acid-Base Reactions ## Grade Level: Senior Secondary 2 ## Subject: Chemistry ## Duration: 80 minutes ### **Objective:** - Students will understand the concepts of acids, bases, and their reactions. - Students will be able to write and balance acid-base chemical equations. - Students will grasp the practical applications of acid-base reactions in everyday life. ### **Materials Needed:** - Whiteboard and markers - Projector and computer for presentation - Handouts with practice problems - pH strips - Solutions of common acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, acetic acid) and bases (e.g., sodium hydroxide, ammonia) - Safety goggles and gloves ### **Lesson Outline:** 1. **Introduction (10 minutes)** - **Hook:** Begin with a simple demonstration: Add a few drops of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and observe the reaction. Show how the pH changes using pH strips. - **Discussion**: Briefly recap properties of acids and bases, and introduce the concept of neutralization. Discuss real-life examples (e.g., stomach acid neutralized by antacids). 2. **Direct Instruction (15 minutes)** - **Presentation**: Use slides to explain: - Definitions: Acid (proton donor), Base (proton acceptor). - The Bronsted-Lowry Theory. - The concept of pH and the pH scale. - General equation for an acid-base reaction: Acid + Base → Salt + Water. - Strong vs. weak acids and bases. 3. **Guided Practice (20 minutes)** - **Balancing Equations**: Go through examples of acid-base reactions on the whiteboard. - Example 1: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O - Example 2: CH₃COOH + NH₃ → CH₃COONH₄ - **Interactive Quiz**: Present some unbalanced reactions for students to balance and identify the salt formed. 4. **Lab Activity (25 minutes)** - **Experiment**: Students will work in pairs to: - Test the pH of various household solutions (vinegar, baking soda solution, lemon juice, etc.). - Conduct a neutralization reaction using citric acid and sodium bicarbonate. - **Worksheet**: Students will record their observations and answer questions about the reactions they observed (e.g., what evidence indicates a reaction has occurred?). 5. **Closure (5 minutes)** - **Review Key Points**: Reiterate the importance of acid-base reactions and their practical applications. - **Q&A**: Open the floor for any questions students may have. 6. **Assessment (5 minutes)** - **Exit Ticket**: Have students write down one key thing they learned and one question they still have about acid-base reactions. ### **Homework:** - **Worksheet**: Assign a set of practice problems involving acid-base reactions to reinforce the day’s lesson. ### **Safety Considerations:** - Ensure students wear safety goggles and gloves during the lab activity. - Explain the proper handling and disposal of acids and bases. - Supervise students closely to prevent any accidents. --- By the end of the lesson, students should have a firm understanding of acid-base reactions, how to balance the corresponding equations, and recognize the importance of these reactions in everyday life.